rogers



(No Model.)

A. W. ROGERS. BUFFER.

No. 407,246. Patented July 16. 1889.

N PETERS. Pmwuuwgnphcr. wuhingiun. D. C`

UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREv XY. ROGERS, OE BEVERLY, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO SIDNEY IV. VINSLOlV, TRUSTEE, OF SAME PLACE.

BUFFER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 407,246, dated July 16, 1889.

Application filed December 7, 1888. Serial No. 292,924. (No model.)

To aZZ whom, t may concern: ity of removal from the face of the pad of Be it known that I, ANDREW XV. ROGERS, the abrading-covering when worn, an ecoof Beverly, in the county of Essex and State nomical construction of such covering with of Massachusetts, have invented a new and its attachments, adaptability to work close to 5 useful Improvementin Buffers for the Soles the breast of the heel Without injuring the 55 of Boots or Slices; and I do hereby declare surface thereof, and capacity to work perthat the following is a full, clear7 and exact feetly on all parts of the sole. These are the description of the same. general objects of my invention, the details vThe invention hereinafter described is an of which are explained in connection with xo improvement in buffers for the soles of boots the details of construction hereinafter fully 6o or shoes, and relates to the class first shown set forth. in Letters Patent of the United States granted In general terms my invention may be said on the lst day of May, 1877, and numbered to consist, first, of an abrading-coveringfor the 190,17i. In that patent is shown a' buffer foot of a buffer constructedin relation thereto 15 having the general shape of the frustum of a so that the stiff edge of the covering will ex- 65 cone, the lower part of which is of elastic tend beyond the margin of the foot.` Whatyielding material, such as felt, on the face ever kind of foot used, whether rigid or only of which is a covering of abrading mayielding, as is the case with felt, the marginal terial, such as sand-paper. This, suitably roextension of the covering, being sufficiently 2o tated operates to finish the front of the shoestiff, is adapted to work up close to the breast 7o sole and is also suited to work upon the surof the heel and present-s to the surface of the face of the sole close to the breast of the heel,whieh it touches, only the unsanded and heel without abrading the finish of the heel. non-abrading edge, while the sanded face A further improvement upon this is shown finishes perfectly the face of the sole.

2 5 in Letters Patent of the United States No. Second,myinvention consists of this abrad- 75 227,839, of 1880, in which the abrading-coving-covering combined with a yielding footering of sand-paper or like material is shown such as the felt ordinarily used--and extendas removable, being attached at its margin ing beyond the edge of the foot, the connecto an annular piece of tiexible material protion between the covering and the foot being 3o jecting over the upper margin of the pad and such that the edge of the foot may move 8o forming what is called a pouch loosely upon the covering as the tool is turned A further improvement has also been deor its spindle inclined to work up to the vised in respect to the securing` of the abradbreast of the heel. The bcndingin this case ing-covering to the face of tliepad shown causes the loose felt to move outward on the 35 in Letters Patent of the United States No. covering, the margin leaving room for that 85 264,088, of 1887, in which a circular pad is purpose without preventing the foot from reduced in places bythe removal of segments,- coming into contact with the breast. At the in which places the edge of the sand-paper is same time the felt projecting out on the covturned up to secure the whole to the face of ering supports the edge thereof in its Work.

4o the pad. This leaves also between the parts For the best effect in the particular just 9cl turned up the edges of the sand-paper, todescribed I have found it desirable that the gether with parts of the pad or foot, projectyielding foot, when used in connection with ing beyond the turned up portions and the abrading-covering extending beyond its adapted to work up closely against the breast margin, should be made thinner by rounding 45 of the heel without abrading the surface or beveling` on the edge. 95 thereof. Hy invention is shown in connection With In my invention I have sought to accoman abrading-covering for the foot of a buffer plish more effectnally and by more economhaving projections forming foot-connections ical construction the objects sought in the attached to its inner face for connecting it 5o prior inventions. I have had in mind facilto the foot, this being distinguished from the 10o marginal attachment shown in the pouch form heretofore used by the projection arranged to hook into the struck-up parts of the covering or bolts arranged cent-rally to hold the covering. This includes a class of connections designed to hold the covering to the foot, which may be greatly varied, but which are distinguished from the methods of attachment heretofore shown by the fact that these projections are attached to or fixed permanently upon the inner face of the covering, so that the covering may be sold as an article of manufacture, as it is, with the proj ections fixed thereto and ready for application to a buffer. In the buffer to which I have applied my invention the attachment of these projections is to the inner face of the buffer, between the margins and the center, whereby a strong connection is made to resist the tendency to rotary movement of the covering of this foot in working, While the movement on the margin, heretofore referred to, is freely permitted.

The fourth point of the invention consists in combining with the construction described in the preceding paragraph a foot having notches or holes to receive the projections, these notches or holes being advantageously used in connection with some kinds of t,proj ections, as hereinafter explained. These valuable features, however, shown in connection with myI invention are not of it, but are shown and claimed in an application of Winslow and Winslow, No. 292,932.

The fifth point of my invention consists of vdetails subordinate to those j ustdescribednamely, of a flexible projection on the inner face of the covering, within the margin, to be used in connection with the holes or notches in the foot.

The sixth specified point of my invention consists in combining with the abrading-covering a iiexible connection, such as straps, on its inner face within the margin, and a yielding foot having notchesl or holes near its margins, the iiexible connections working better in connection with a yielding foot and.

producing a better result.

Seventh. My invention consists in combining with a covering for the foot of a buffer having a continuous working-face projections on the inner surface, within the margin of the covering, adapted to hold it to the foot.

Eighth. My invention consists of an abrading-covering for the footiof a buffer having a continuous working-face and projections on its inner surface, wit-hin the margin thereof, adapted to hold it to the foot.. As distinguished from such coverings as have been heretofore known having countersunk portions on the working-faces to receive attachments whichwere iixed to more or less immediate connections to the spindle the class of projections hereinafter shown by me present the great advantage of a continuous face, which gives full effect to the material of the covering and avoids any accumulation of dust in such countersunk portions.

My invention further consists of an annular re-enforcing-strip upon the margin of the abrading-oovering, this serving to re-enforce the edge of it where the greatest strain comes in working, near the breast of the heel; and in connection with, this the ninth point of my invention consists in forming the projections out of the same material, or, in other words, integral with this re-enforcing-strip, and the tenth point consists in forming the projections or tongues on thc inner margin of this re-enforcing-strip, whereby the edge of the abrading-covering is left free to work.

My said invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings,in which- Figure l represents in perspective the abrading-covering and its foot with the parts by which it is held to the revolving spindle. Fig. 2 shows the same in vertical section. Fig. 3 represents a plan view of the foot; Fig. 4, a like view of a modified form there- Fig. 5 shows in plan view the inner face of the abrading-covering with the re-enforcement; Fig. 6, a section of the same on line 00 a: of Fig. 5, showing also two modified details. Fig. 6 shows a further modiiication. Fig. 7 shows a section similar to Fig. 2, illustrating the action of the' abrading-covering in moving on the foot.

In the drawings, A represents the foot or that part of it to which the abrading-covering is immediately attached. It is shown, preferably, in disk form, the edges of which are either a continuous circle, as in one case, or are cut with notches, as in the other, which latter represent any recesses suitable to the purpose, and are made to receive the attaching projections, which form the connections for the foot in the place of the holes shown in the unmutilated form. I have also represented thefoot as hat, this being the convenient form for use in connection with the conically-formed base B of the intermediate connection between the foot and the spindle; but I wish it to be understood that for the purposes of this invention the foot may be so formed as to till the place of the conicallyformed base aforesaid.

My invention is best carried out by using for the foot a felt pad of the described shape; but for some purposes and for performing some useful functions of the invention a rigid material may be used instead of the felt, and as a matter of course (as is well understood) other yielding substances instead may be used as a substitute for the felt for all the purposes of the invention, and the term felt is herein used in connection with the pad as a representative term for all that class of materials, including a foot made out of a coiled spring. For its best effect the foot is provided with a slightly-convex lower face, and the upper surface is rounded to an edge, for the purposes hereinafter explained.

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The abrading-covering, as indicated by C, is formed of cloth, paper, or a sheet of any material suitable for the purpose having an abradingsurface, cloth being the preferred form. For certain effects of the invention hereinafter explained, and in the form shown, this covering is made larger in surface extent than the pad or foot to which it is applied, and when the pad is made in circular form, as described, the covering is also circular,being of slightly greater diameter than that of the foot. The extension of the covering beyond the margin of the pad may be varied somewhat, depending' principallyv upon the rigidity and strength of the covering; but for the ordinary purposes and for ordinary materials on e-eighth of an inch is an approximate ext-ent. There the face of the foot is convex, as heretofore explained, the abradingcovering is struck up'or otherwise formed to correspond thereto, 'lhe margin of the covering should be to a certain degree inflexible or stiff, so as not to turn up over the edge of the foot in working. In order to strengthen the margins of the abrading-covering, I glue or otherwise tix thereto an annular re-enforcing piece d of stiff paper or some other suitable material, the margin of the annular piece preferably coinciding with the margin of the abrading-eovering.

It will be understood that the abrading material-such as the ordinary sand-paper surface, for example-is on the working-surface of the covering only, leaving the edge nonabrading, and as the instrument works up to the breast of the heel the covering, having a thin plain smooth edge, abrades the surface of the sole closely to the heel without abrading' the face of the heel. In order to attach the abrading-covering to the foot, I have shown projections which are fixed to the inner Aface of the covering. The general nat-ure of the invention would permit of the use of rigid projections for the foot-connections; but, as shown at D, they may be economically made of strips of any suitable flexible material, and maybe attached to the inner face of the covering by gluing or otherwise fixing them thereto, as shown at D', directly to the inner face of the said paper or cloth, or the ends may be inserted between the re-enforcement, either at its inner or outer edge, as at D2, and very conveniently these strips also may be cut out integral with the re-enforcements on the outer or inner edge thereof. hen on the outer edge, they are stretched snugly over the edge of the foot and secured. lVhen on the inner edge, as in Figs. 5 and G, they project up through the notches or holes in the foot and are fastened in any convenient manner. In order that they may not interfere with the action of the foot, and particularly that when the yielding foot is used it may perform its particular eectwithout obstruction, I locate these projections within the margin of the covering and also within the margin of the foot by insertion through the notches or holes. By their flexibility they permit, in either case, the free working of the foot in relation to the covering, especially at the heel, and the best effect arises from the arrangement of the projection within the margin of the covering. This forward movement of the felt operates to strengthen and support the edge of the cover at the moment when the cover is put to doing its hardest work. As shown the projections are arranged to register with the holes or notches in the foot, and the upper ends are clamped over the base by means of a cap E, screwed down thereon; but this method of holding the projections is only one of many which may be used for the purpose. When the projections are located within the margins of the foot and cover, as explained, the flexible foot is free to move when the edge is bent, as it necessarily is in working up to the breast of the heel, as illustrated in Fig. 7. Under such conditions the yielding foot moves outward in respect to the edge of the covering evenly and with uniforln pressure upon the margin, but docs not overlap the margin of the covering. The uniformity of this mot-ion and the action of the exible foot in its relation to the covering is in no wise interfered with by reason of the flexibility of the connecting projections, and the flexibility of these projections is also a convenience in using the common fastenings used for the purpose of holding the parts together; but rigid fastenings, as a central bolt with ilanged head, or such as pointed tacks having their heads fixed to the annular face of the covering and adapted to enter the yielding material of the foot, may be used instead without impairing the general effect of the main features of the invention.

It will be manifest from the description heretofore given that the abrading-surface, when worn, may be removed and another applied in its place rapidly and easily, and thatthe whole instrument is equally Well fitted to work upon the fore part of the sole, as well as upon the shank, and close to the breast of the heel. In Fig. (5 I showaportion of an abradingco\f'cring in which the projections are attached to its inner face and extend in the line of rotation of the foot or peripherally thereof. This figure represents a further modification to which my invention may be applied.

In respect to the edge of the covering extending beyond the edge of the foot, it will be understood that this extended edge is designed especially for working up close to the breast of the heel, and should be made of stiff material, so as not to bendA in working, and is to be distinguished from the patent of Byers, No. 536,695.

I do not claim, in respect to the invention above explained, the abradingcovering with its intermediatcly-set connections to the foot, nor any of the invention broadly claimed in the application of Sidney NV. and Freeman II. IVinslow of even date herewith, Seiial No. 292,932.

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I claim as my invention-i l. In combination with the foot of a buffer, an abrading-covering for said foot, having a practically stiff margin extending beyond the margin of the said foot and a non-abrading edge, substantially as described.

2. In combination with the foot of a buffer, an abrading-covering for said foot, said covering having a continuous Working-face, a practically stiff margin extending beyond the margin of the foot, and a non-abrading edge, substantially as described.

3. In combination with the yielding foot of abuffer, an abradin g-covering loosely mou nted on the flexible foot and extending beyond the margin of the foot, substantially as described.

4. A detachable abrading-covering for butters, having its connection to hold it to the foot attached directly to the inner face of said covering, substantially as described.

5. An abrading-covering for the foot ot a butter, combined with connections attached to its inner face,between the margin and the center thereof, for connecting it to the foot, substantially as described.

6. An abrading-cover for buffers, having its iieXible connections to hold it to the foot attached directly to the inner face of said covering, substantially as described.

7. In combination with the abrading-co vering provided with connections on its inner face, a foot having notches or holes to receive the connections, substantially as described.

8. An abrading-coverin g for buers, having a re-enforcement on its inner face and connections for holding it to the foot integral with said re enforcement, substantially as described.

9. An abradingcovering for buffers, having an annular ire-enforcing strip secured upon the inner face at the margin and immediately adjacent thereto, substantially as described.

l0. An abradingLcovering for buffers, having a marginal re-enforcement on its inner face, with connecting-tongues formed on the inner edge of said re-enforcement, combined with the foot having notches or holes, substantiallyT as described.

ll. An abrading-covering for buffers, combined with a buffer-foot and holding-connec tions between the cover and the foot, the said holding-connections being arranged circumferentially to draw obliquely to the surface of the cover and in line with the rotation of the foot, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ANDREV W. ROGERS.

Witnesses:

SIDNEY W. WINsLoW, FREEMAN H. WINsLoW. 

